Design of Maximum Power Point Tracking for Solar Collector Drying System: An Experimental Study

Received Jun 5, 2018 Revised Jul 9, 2018 Accepted Jul 23, 2018 This research describes the performance of maximum power point tracking as a solar collector of PV system integration for agriculture product drying system. The system comprises of solar collector, tracking PV array, the battery bank, the micro controller and the DC converter. This system is design to enhance the work of solar collector in drying process.. This design is hoped to be an appropriate system in order to ensure the maximum result by providing solar radiation energy. This paper shows the experiment data of the voltage and power response in positioning the PV to yield a maximum photovoltaic array output power of solar drying system device. Keyword:


INTRODUCTION
Solar energy from the sun is a clean, secure and renewable energy which is available, this energy has been attract the need of sustainable energy which is can be implemented in various field of energy resource need, this energy is the solution to reduce the energy that come from the fossil fuel resource. The various application that utilize the solar energy as the resource such as source of electricity through PV system, solar collector as management of solar energy need that produce heat for drying process [1]. The lack of the solar collector is about the efficiency that reduce the output voltage conversion that result from the experimental work, to overwhelmed the efficiency of energy conversion from the solar of photo voltaic was introduce, the photo voltaic thermal (PVT) utilized active cooling method which is available for electricity and thermal condition. Modifying I-V the nonlinear calculation along with open circuit method also to have a better performance of Photo voltaic system [2].
The performance of drying using conventional is depend on the climate and temperature, research on optimizing system for drying system have been done by many research group of solar collector system [3], [4]. The need of appropriate system of drying system in resulting the farming product has encouraging the researcher in design hybrid system which is appropriately use in several condition [5]. Design of solar tracking system is the one of hybrid system in answering the need of continuity product of farming commodity, which is depend on drying process [6]. The moisture condition that's expected as preservative action in keeping the product suply, the ideal condition of drying process can be achieved during the summer. The Solar tracking system has been uses as the key in maintaining the result of farming product result [7].
The solar tracking is the one of solar drying sub system that uses in designing the robust desing of device in yielding the integrated solar collector, solar tracking principle work based on the sub system of electronic design based sensor that utilize to collect the solar radiation [8]. The uses of microcontroller in 1800 some of research is as the logic control, utilize as automatic system, the fuzzy logic control also choose by Angalaeswari, S., et al. as the integrated control of MPPT [9], to improve the function of solar device system as the one of selecting method to obtain a better performance of solar tracking system [10].
In addition the maximum power point tracking has been developed by previous research work using different control system to enhanced the performance of solar radiation tracking [11], [12], in producing the supply of solar energy to the PV, by generating the power electricity and resulting the heat radiation to the targeting object to be drying in the integrated system of solar collector, that utilize in farming product as the main device [13]. In this research the microcontroller choose due to it easy programable as the main logic processing unit in consecutively employ the research work of generating a better performance of the solar panel drying unit for agriculture products.

DESIGN OF MPPT BLOCK DIAGRAM
A solar tracking system tracks the position of the sun and maintains the solar photovoltaic modules at an angle that produces the maximum power output. Several solar tracking principles and techniques have been proposed to track the sun efficiently.The configuration block system on MPPT as shown in Figure.1 is a flow step proces of MPPT with the integrated system to yield a control function. The use of every component decides the performance of the whole system design. The sun position detect in several diferent angel that utilize the light dependent resistor (LDR) to sense the sun radiation light as the input for the microcontroller as the system feedback. The stepper motor as the mechanic device works in positioning the panel to obtain the maximum radiation of light as the input of drying solar panel system. The PV output power respectively P,V and I respectively voltage, current and PV output power. According to Chiang et.al [14] the power slope dP/dV use to calculate digital by sampling the PV array output current and voltage at following time interval (n-1) as shown below :

RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
The performance of MPPT was recorded and reveal as depict in graph. 2 and graph 3, the increment of power occurred in three different condition of measurement steps. The measurement is test in two sections of time during morning and afternoon time with different temperature. The response of energy receive shows the good response of performance of MPPT system, which is integrated with the solar drying system in tracking the solar position to absorb the radition as the input power. The response graph of Figure 3 shown the increment of power receives from the sun radiation in different declination angel which is integrated with the MPPT test with different temperature. The temperature is influence the response of solar radiation which is tested under temperature 28 o C, 30 o C and 32 o C. As depicted in the response of voltage. The experimental reveal the proposed MPPT control increase the PV output power, according to the previous research the maximum power can be obtained from the dc/dc converter only 1 KW/m 2 [15].

CONCLUSION
The MPPT prototype has been designed in obtaining an initial result of a better performance of solar drying collector based on integrated system of MPPT, in addressing the drawback of single PV system using micro controller as the main logic control in maintaining the performance of the whole drying system of solar collector. The result show in figure 2 and figure 3, MPPT is the system that utilized in improving the result of power receive and voltage in different condition of temperature.